References

Ablon, Lillian. 2018. “Data Thieves: The Motivations of Cyber Threat Actors and Their Use and Monetization of Stolen Data.” RAND Corporation. https://www.rand.org/pubs/testimonies/CT490.html.

Abowd, J M, B E Stephens, L Vilhuber, F Andersson, K L McKinney, M Roemer, and S D Woodcock. 2009. “The LEHD Infrastructure Files and the Creation of the Quarterly Workforce Indicators.” In Producer Dynamics: New Evidence from Micro Data, edited by T. Dunne and J B Jensen and M J Roberts. University of Chicago Press. https://www.nber.org/chapters/c0485.

Abowd, John M, R Kaj Gittings, Kevin L McKinney, Bryce Stephens, Lars Vilhuber, and Simon D Woodcock. 2012. “Dynamically Consistent Noise Infusion and Partially Synthetic Data as Confidentiality Protection Measures for Related Time Series.” 12-13. U.S. Census Bureau, Center for Economic Studies. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2159800.

Abowd, John M., Ian Schmutte, William Sexton, and Lars Vilhuber. 2019. “Introductory Readings in Formal Privacy for Economists.” Document 2662639. Labor Dynamics Institute, Cornell University. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2662639.

Abowd, John M, Martha Stinson, and Gary Benedetto. 2006. “Final Report to the Social Security Administration on the SIPP/SSA/IRS Public Use File Project.” 1813/43929. U.S. Census Bureau. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/43929.

Abowd, John M., and Lars Vilhuber. 2016. “Session 12: Statistical Tools: Methods of Confidentiality Protection.” Presentation 45060. Labor Dynamics Institute, Cornell University. https://hdl.handle.net/1813/45060.

Abowd, John M., Lars Vilhuber, and William Block. 2012. “A Proposed Solution to the Archiving and Curation of Confidential Scientific Inputs.” In Privacy in Statistical Databases, edited by Josep Domingo-Ferrer and Ilenia Tinnirello, 216–25. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33627-0_17.

Abowd, John, and Ian Schmutte. 2019. “An Economic Analysis of Privacy Protection and Statistical Accuracy as Social Choices.” American Economic Review 109 (1): 171–202. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20170627.

Abowd, John, and Ian M. Schmutte. 2015. “Economic Analysis and Statistical Disclosure Limitation.” Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 221–67. https://doi.org/10.1353/eca.2016.0004.

Abraham, Katharine G. 2019. “Reconciling Data Access and Privacy: Building a Sustainable Model for the Future.” AEA Papers and Proceedings 109: 409–13. https://doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20191108.

Acquisti, Alessandro, Curtis Taylor, and Liad Wagman. 2016. “The Economics of Privacy.” Journal of Economic Literature 54 (2): 442–92. https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.54.2.442.

Aczel, Balazs, Barnabas Szaszi, Alexandra Sarafoglou, Zoltan Kekecs, Šimon Kucharský, Daniel Benjamin, Christopher D. Chambers, et al. 2020. “A Consensus-Based Transparency Checklist.” Nature Human Behaviour 4 (1): 4–6. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-019-0772-6.

ADRF Network. 2018. “ADRF Network Working Group Reports.” https://www.adrf.upenn.edu/our-work.

AEA Committee on Economic Statistics. 2020. “Successful Private Firm-Academic Researcher Arrangements for Access to and Replicable Use of Private Data.” Report. American Economic Association. https://www.aeaweb.org/content/file?id=11794.

Aiken, Emily, Guadalupe Bedoya, Aidan Coville, and Joshua Blumenstock. 2020. “Targeting Development Aid with Machine Learning and Mobile Phone Data.” Unpublished Manuscript. http://jblumenstock.com/files/papers/jblumenstock_ultra-poor.pdf.

Alatas, Vivi, Abhijit V. Banerjee, Rema Hanna, Benjamin A. Olken, Ririn Purnamasari, and Matt Wai-Poi. 2016. “Self-Targeting: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Indonesia.” Journal of Political Economy 124 (2): 371–427. https://doi.org/10.1086/685299.

Alatas, Vivi, Abhijit V. Banerjee, Rema Hanna, Benjamin A. Olken, Ririn Purnamasari, and Matthew Wai-Poi. 2019. “Does Elite Capture Matter? Local Elites and Targeted Welfare Programs in Indonesia.” AEA Papers and Proceedings 109: 334–39. https://doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20191047.

Alatas, Vivi, Abhijit V. Banerjee, Rema Hanna, Benjamin A. Olken, and Julia Tobias. 2012. “Targeting the Poor: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Indonesia.” American Economic Review 102 (4): 1206–40. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.4.1206.

Alter, George, and Richard Gonzalez. 2018. “Responsible Practices for Data Sharing.” The American Psychologist 73 (2): 146–56. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000258.

Altman, Micah, Alexandra Wood, David O’Brien, Salil Vadhan, and Urs Gasser. 2015. “Towards a Modern Approach to Privacy-Aware Government Data Releases.” Berkeley Technology and Law Journal 1967. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2779266.

Antoni, Manfred, and Alexandra Schmucker. 2019. “The Research Data Centre of the German Federal Employment Agency at the Institute for Employment Research (RDC-IAB) - Linked Microdata for Labour Market Research.” International Journal of Population Data Science 4 (2). https://doi.org/10.23889/ijpds.v4i2.1141.

Asghar, Hassan Jameel, and Dali Kaafar. 2019. “Averaging Attacks on Bounded Noise-Based Disclosure Control Algorithms.” 1902.06414 [cs]. arXiv. http://arxiv.org/abs/1902.06414.

Ash, Elliott, Sam Asher, Sandip Bhupaitiraju, Daniel L Chen, Paul Novosad, Arianna Ornaghi, and Bilal Siddiqi. 2019. “Algorithmic Justice for Development: Using Machine Learning to Identify and Mitigate Bias in Indian Courts.”

Ash, Elliott, Daniel Chen, Raul Delgado, Eduardo Fierro, and Shasha Lin. 2018. “Learning Policy Levers: Toward Automated Policy Analysis Using Judicial Corpora.” Unpublished Manuscript. https://users.nber.org/~dlchen/papers/Learning_Policy_Levers.pdf.

Aurora Health Care. n.d. “Research Administrative Preauthorization (RAP).” Accessed June 23, 2020. https://www.aurorahealthcare.org/aurora-research-institute/researcher-resources/research-administrative-preauthorization.

Aurora Health Care, Inc. and Affiliates. 2018. “Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and Other Information for the Year Ended December 31, 2017.” Aurora Health Care. https://www.aurorahealthcare.org/-/media/aurorahealthcareorg/documents/annual-report/2017-annual-financial-information-and-operating-data.pdf.

Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2017. “Managing the Risk of Disclosure: The Five Safes Framework.” Report 1160.0. c=AU; o=Commonwealth of Australia; ou=Australian Bureau of Statistics. https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Latestproducts/1160.0Main\%20Features4Aug\%202017.

Auxier, Brooke, Lee Rainie, Monica Anderson, Andrew Perrin, Madhu Kumar, and Erica Turner. 2019. “Americans and Privacy: Concerned, Confused and Feeling Lack of Control over Their Personal Information.” Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2019/11/15/americans-and-privacy-concerned-confused-and-feeling-lack-of-control-over-their-personal-information/.

Babic, Boris, Daniel L Chen, Theodoros Evgeniou, and Anne-Laure Fayard. 2020. “A Better Way to Onboard AI.” Harvard Business Review July-August. https://hbr.org/2020/07/a-better-way-to-onboard-ai.

Bain & Company. 2019. “2019 Global Private Equity Report.” https://www.bain.com/contentassets/875a49e26e9c4775942ec5b86084df0a/bain_report_private_equity_report_2019.pdf.

Banerjee, Abhijit, Amy Finkelstein, Rema Hanna, Benjamin A. Olken, Arianna Ornaghi, and Sudarno Sumarto. 2019. “The Challenges of Universal Health Insurance in Developing Countries: Evidence from a Large-Scale Randomized Experiment in Indonesia.” Working Paper 26204. NBER Working Paper. https://www.nber.org/papers/w26204.

Banerjee, Abhijit, Rema Hanna, Jordan Kyle, Benjamin A. Olken, and Sudarno Sumarto. 2018. “Tangible Information and Citizen Empowerment: Identification Cards and Food Subsidy Programs in Indonesia.” Journal of Political Economy 126 (2): 451–91. https://doi.org/10.1086/696226.

BC Ministry of Citizens Services. n.d. “Privacy, Security and the Five Safes Model.” Province of British Columbia. Accessed September 1, 2020. https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/data/about-data-management/data-innovation-program/privacy-security.

Bedoya, Guadalupe, Jishnu Das, and Amy Dolinger. n.d. “Randomized Regulation: The Impact of Minimum Quality Standards on Health Markets.”

Behrman, Jere R, and Petra E. Todd. 1999. “Randomness in the Experimental Samples of PROGRESA (Education, Health, and Nutrition Program).” Discussion Paper 125777. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. https://www.ifpri.org/publication/randomness-experimental-samples-progresa-education-health-and-nutrition-program.

Bellon, M., J. Chang, E. Dabla-Norris, S. Khalid, F. Lima, E. Rojas, and P. Villena. 2019. “Digitalization to Improve Tax Compliance: Evidence from VAT E-Invoicing in Peru.” Working Paper 19/231. International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WP/Issues/2019/11/01/Digitalization-to-Improve-Tax-Compliance-Evidence-from-VAT-e-Invoicing-in-Peru-48672.

Bender, Stefan, and Jörg Heining. 2011. “The Research-Data-Centre in Research-Data-Centre Approach: A First Step Towards Decentralised International Data Sharing.” FDZ Methodenreport 07/2011 (en). http://doku.iab.de/fdz/reporte/2011/MR_07-11_EN.pdf.

Bengtsson, Ola. 2011. “Covenants in Venture Capital Contracts.” Management Science 57: 1926–43. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1110.1409.

Black, Kate, Gretchen A. Ramos, and Giovanni Biscardi. 2020. “6 Months Until Brazil’s LGPD Takes Effect Are You Ready?” The National Law Review, March. https://www.natlawreview.com/article/6-months-until-brazil-s-lgpd-takes-effect-are-you-ready.

Boll, Christina. 2015. “Entstehung Des Gender Pay Gap Im Lebensverlauf.” Neue Zeitschrift Für Familienrecht 23: 1089–93.

Borus, Michael E. 1982. “An Inventory of Longitudinal Data Sets of Interest to Economists.” Review of Public Data Use 10 (1-2): 113–26.

Bosworth, Martin H. 2006. “VA Loses Data on 26 Million Veterans.” https://www.consumeraffairs.com/news04/2006/05/va_laptop.html.

Bradley, Jake, and Alice Kügler. 2019. “Labor Market Reforms: An Evaluation of the Hartz Policies in Germany.” European Economic Review 113: 108–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2018.12.008.

Braun, Reiner, Tim Jenkinson, and Ingo Stoff. 2017. “How Persistent Is Private Equity Performance? Evidence from Deal-Level Data.” Journal of Financial Economics 123: 273–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2016.01.033.

Brown, Gregory W., Robert S. Harris, Tim Jenkinson, Steven N. Kaplan, and David Robinson. 2015. “What Do Different Commercial Data Sets Tell Us About Private Equity Performance?” Working Paper. 2701317. SSRN. https://ssrn.com/abstract=2701317.

Bujnowska, Aleksandra. 2019. “Access to European Statistical System Microdata.” In Data-Driven Policy Impact Evaluation: How Access to Microdata Is Transforming Policy Design, edited by Nuno Crato and Paolo Paruolo, 87–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78461-8\\_6.

Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales (BMAS). 2017. “Lebenslagen in Deutschland. Der Fünfte Armuts- Und Reichtumsbericht Der Bundesregierung.” Berlin: Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales.

Bundesministerium für Familie, Senioren, Frauen und Jugend (BMFSFJ). 2017. “Zweiter Gleichstellungsbericht Der Bundesregierung.” Berlin: Bundesministerium für Familie, Senioren, Frauen und Jugend. https://www.bmfsfj.de/bmfsfj/service/publikationen/zweiter-gleichstellungsbericht-der-bundesregierung/119796.

Burkhauser, Richard V., Shuaizhang Feng, Stephen P. Jenkins, and Jeff Larrimore. 2011. “Estimating Trends in US Income Inequality Using the Current Population Survey: The Importance of Controlling for Censoring.” The Journal of Economic Inequality 9 (3): 393–415. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10888-010-9131-6.

Buuren, Stef van, and Karin Groothuis-Oudshoorn. 2011. “Mice: Multivariate Imputation by Chained Equations in R.” Journal of Statistical Software 45 (3): 1–67. https://www.jstatsoft.org/v45/i03/.

Cameron, A. Colin, and Douglas L. Miller. 2015. “A Practitioner’s Guide to Cluster-Robust Inference.” Journal of Human Resources 50 (2): 317–72. https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.50.2.317.

Card, David E., Raj Chetty, Martin S. Feldstein, and Emmanuel Saez. 2011. “Expanding Access to Administrative Data for Research in the United States.” Report January. American Economic Association. https://www.aeaweb.org/content/file?id=1319.

Card, David, Jörg Heining, and Patrick Kline. 2015. “CHK Effects.” FDZ Methodenreport 06/2015 (en). http://doku.iab.de/fdz/reporte/2015/MR_06-15_EN.pdf.

CBC News. 2019. “CRA Loses Box of ’Sensitive’ Taxpayer Information in Truck Accident | CBC News.” CBC. https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/cra-boxes-accident-1.5395078.

Center for Human Resource Research. 2001. “Report on the Ohio Closed Cases Study.” Report. The Ohio State University.

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. 2018. “Medicare Program; Revisions to Payment Policies Under the Physician Fee Schedule and Other Revisions to Part B for CY 2019.” 83 Fed. Reg. 59452 (Nov. 23, 2018). https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2018/11/23/2018-24170/medicare-program-revisions-to-payment-policies-under-the-physician-fee-schedule-and-other-revisions.

Cesarini, David, Erik Lindqvist, Matthew J. Notowidigdo, and Robert Östling. 2017. “The Effect of Wealth on Individual and Household Labor Supply: Evidence from Swedish Lotteries.” American Economic Review 107 (12): 3917–46. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20151589.

Chakrovorti, Bhaskar, and Ravi Shankar Chaturvedi. 2017. “The ‘Smart Society’ of the Future Doesn’t Look Like Science Fiction.” Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2017/10/the-smart-society-of-the-future-doesnt-look-like-science-fiction.

Chen, Daniel L. 2015. “Can Markets Stimulate Rights? On the Alienability of Legal Claims.” The RAND Journal of Economics 46 (1): 23–65. https://doi.org/10.1111/1756-2171.12076.

Chen, Jun. 2017. “What Role Does Angel Finance Play in the Early-Stage Capital Market?” Ph.D. Thesis Chapter 1. California Institute of Technology. https://doi.org/10.7907/3mg0-2622.

Chernenko, Sergey, Josh Lerner, and Yao Zeng. 2019. “Mutual Funds as Venture Capitalists? Evidence from Unicorns?” Finance Working Paper 675/2020. European Corporate Governance Institute. http://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2897254.

Chetty, Raj. 2012. “Time Trends in the Use of Administrative Data for Empirical Research.” http://www.rajchetty.com/chettyfiles/admin_data_trends.pdf.

Chetty, Raj, and John N. Friedman. 2019. “A Practical Method to Reduce Privacy Loss When Disclosing Statistics Based on Small Samples.” Journal of Privacy and Confidentiality 9 (2). https://doi.org/10.29012/jpc.716.

Chetty, Raj, and Adam Looney. 2006. “Consumption Smoothing and the Welfare Consequences of Social Insurance in Developing Economies.” Journal of Public Economics 90 (12): 2351–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2006.07.002.

Chicago Public Schools. 2020. “The Research Review Board.” https://www.cps.edu/research/Pages/Research.aspx.

Cichonski, Paul, Tom Millar, Tim Grance, and Karen Scarfone. 2012. “Computer Security Incident Handling Guide: Recommendations of the National Institute of Standards and Technology.” Special Publication 800-61r2. National Institute of Standards and Technology. https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-61r2.

City of Cape Town. 2018. “Data Strategy.” City of Cape Town.

Coburn, Cynthia E., and William R. Penuel. 2016. “ResearchPractice Partnerships in Education: Outcomes, Dynamics, and Open Questions.” Educational Researcher 45 (1): 48–54. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X16631750.

Coburn, Cynthia E., William R. Penuel, and Kimberly E. Geil. 2013. “Research-Practice Partnerships: A Strategy for Leveraging Research for Educational Improvement in School Districts.” New York, NY: William T. Grant Foundation. https://wtgrantfoundation.org/library/uploads/2015/10/Research-Practice-Partnerships-at-the-District-Level.pdf.

Code of Federal Regulations. 2017a. “45 CFR 46.111 Criteria for IRB Approval of Research.” Text. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations (eCFR). https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/retrieveECFR?gp=\&SID=83cd09e1c0f5c6937cd9d7513160fc3f\&pitd=20180719\&n=pt45.1.46\&r=PART\&ty=HTML.\#se45.1.46_1111.

Code of Federal Regulations. 2017b. “45 CFR 46.116 General Requirements for Informed Consent.” Electronic Code of Federal Regulations (eCFR). https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/retrieveECFR?gp=\&SID=83cd09e1c0f5c6937cd9d7513160fc3f\&pitd=20180719\&n=pt45.1.46\&r=PART\&ty=HTML\#se45.1.46_1116.

Code of Federal Regulations. 2017c. “45 CFR 46.117 Documentation of Informed Consent.” Electronic Code of Federal Regulations (eCFR). https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/retrieveECFR?gp=\&SID=83cd09e1c0f5c6937cd9d7513160fc3f\&pitd=20180719\&n=pt45.1.46\&r=PART\&ty=HTML.\#se45.1.46_1117.

Code of Federal Regulations. 2017c. “45 CFR 46.117 Documentation of Informed Consent.” Electronic Code of Federal Regulations (eCFR). https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/retrieveECFR?gp=\&SID=83cd09e1c0f5c6937cd9d7513160fc3f\&pitd=20180719\&n=pt45.1.46\&r=PART\&ty=HTML.\#se45.1.46_1117.

Cohen, Aloni, and Kobbi Nissim. 2020. “Towards Formalizing the GDPR’s Notion of Singling Out.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 117 (15): 8344–52. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1914598117.

Collmann, Jeff, and Sorin Adam Matei. 2016. Ethical Reasoning in Big Data: An Exploratory Analysis. Computational Social Sciences. Switzerland: Springer.

Confessore, Nicholas. 2018. “Cambridge Analytica and Facebook: The Scandal and the Fallout so Far.” The New York Times, April. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/04/us/politics/cambridge-analytica-scandal-fallout.html.

Connelly, Roxanne, Christopher J Playford, Vernon Gayle, and Chris Dibben. 2016. “The Role of Administrative Data in the Big Data Revolution in Social Science Research.” Social Science Research 59 (September): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2016.04.015.

Couper, Mick P, Eleanor Singer, Frederick G Conrad, and Robert M Groves. 2008. “Risk of Disclosure, Perceptions of Risk, and Concerns About Privacy and Confidentiality as Factors in Survey Participation.” Journal of Official Statistics 24 (2): 255. http://www.scb.se/contentassets/ca21efb41fee47d293bbee5bf7be7fb3/risk-of-disclosure-perceptions-of-risk-and-concerns-about-privacy-and-confidentiality-as-factors-in-survey-participation.pdf.

Cuevas, Eduardo. 2019. “’A Sense of Identity’: Salinas High Schools to Require Ethnic Studies in Fall 2020.” The Californian, April. https://www.thecalifornian.com/story/news/education/2019/04/05/salinas-high-requirements-ethnic-studies-class/3365548002/.

Culhane, Dennis, John Fantuzzo, Matthew Hill, and T C Burnett. 2018. “Maximizing the Use of Integrated Data Systems: Understanding the Challenges and Advancing Solutions.” The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 675 (1): 221–39. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716217743441.

Cummings, Rachel, Katrina Ligett, Kobbi Nissim, Aaron Roth, and Zhiwei Steven Wu. 2016. “Adaptive Learning with Robust Generalization Guarantees.” CoRR abs/1602.07726. http://arxiv.org/abs/1602.07726.

Dalenius, Tore. 1977. “Towards a Methodology for Statistical Disclosure Control.” Statistik Tidskrift 15: 429–44.

Davis, Steven J., John Haltiwanger, Kyle Handley, Ben Lipsius, Josh Lerner, and Javier Miranda. 2019. “The Social Impact of Private Equity by Buyout Type and Stage of the Economic Cycle.” Working Paper. In Allied Social Sciences Meeting. https://www.aeaweb.org/conference/2019/preliminary/paper/5nsZRYTz\#:~:text=Abstract\%3A\%20We\%20study\%20the\%20impact,per\%20worker\%2C\%20and\%20labor\%20productivity.\&text=Slower\%20GDP\%20growth\%20after\%20the,a\%20widening\%20of\%20credit\%20spreads.

Dee, Thomas S., and Emily K. Penner. 2017. “The Causal Effects of Cultural Relevance: Evidence from an Ethnic Studies Curriculum.” American Educational Research Journal 54 (1): 127–66. https://doi.org/10.3102/0002831216677002.

Deming, W. Edwards. 1953. “On the Distinction Between Enumerative and Analytic Surveys.” Journal of the American Statistical Association 48 (262): 244–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1953.10483470.

Department of Health and Human Services. 2012. “Methods for de-Identification of PHI.” Text. HHS.gov, September. https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-professionals/privacy/special-topics/de-identification/index.html.

Desai, Tanvi, Felix Ritchie, and Richard Welpton. 2016. “Five Safes: Designing Data Access for Research.” University of the West of England. https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/914745.

De Wolf, Peter-Paul. 2018. “\(\tau\)-ARGUS.” [Software]. http://research.cbs.nl/casc/tau.htm.

Dizon-Ross, Elise, Susanna Loeb, Emily Penner, and Jane Rochmes. 2019. “Stress in Boom Times: Understanding Teachers’ Economic Anxiety in a High-Cost Urban District.” AERA Open 5 (4). https://doi.org/10.1177/2332858419879439.

Doyle, Joseph, Sarah Abraham, Laura Feeney, Sarah Reimer, and Amy Finkelstein. 2018. “Clinical Decision Support for High-Cost Imaging: A Randomized Clinical Trial [Data Set].” Harvard Dataverse, December. https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/BRKDVQ.

Doyle, Joseph, Sarah Abraham, Laura Feeney, Sarah Reimer, and Amy Finkelstein. 2019. “Clinical Decision Support for High-Cost Imaging: A Randomized Clinical Trial.” PLOS ONE 14 (3): e0213373. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213373.

Drechsler, Jörg. 2011. Synthetic Datasets for Statistical Disclosure Control: Theory and Implementation. Lecture Notes in Statistics. New York: Springer-Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0326-5.

Duncan, George, and Diane Lambert. 1986. “Disclosure-Limited Data Dissemination.” Journal of the American Statistical Association 81 (393): 10–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1986.10478229.

Duncan, George T., Mark Elliot, and Juan-José Salazar-González. 2011a. Statistical Confidentiality: Principles and Practice. Statistics for Social and Behavioral Sciences. New York: Springer-Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-5823.2012.00196_11.x.

Duncan, George T., Mark Elliot, and Juan-José Salazar-González. 2011b. Statistical Confidentiality: Principles and Practice. Statistics for Social and Behavioral Sciences. New York: Springer-Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-5823.2012.00196_11.x.

Duncan, George T., Thomas B. Jabine, and Virginia A. de Wolf, eds. 1993. Private Lives and Public Policies: Confidentiality and Accessibility of Government Statistics. National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/2122.

Dupriez, Olivier, and Ernie Boyko. 2010a. “Dissemination of Microdata Files: Principles, Procedures and Practices.” IHSN Working Paper No 005. International Household Survey Network. https://ihsn.org/sites/default/files/resources/IHSN-WP005.pdf.

Dupriez, Olivier, and Ernie Boyko. 2010b. “Dissemination of Microdata Files - Principles, Procedures and Practices.” Working Paper 005. The World Bank. http://ihsn.org/dissemination-of-microdata-files.

Dwork, Cynthia, Vitaly Feldman, Moritz Hardt, Toni Pitassi, Omer Reingold, and Aaron Roth. 2015. “Generalization in Adaptive Data Analysis and Holdout Reuse.” In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 28, edited by C. Cortes, N. D. Lawrence, D. D. Lee, M. Sugiyama, and R. Garnett, 2341–9. http://papers.nips.cc/paper/5993-generalization-in-adaptive-data-analysis-and-holdout-reuse.pdf.

Dwork, Cynthia, and Jonathan Ullman. 2018. “The Fienberg Problem: How to Allow Human Interactive Data Analysis in the Age of Differential Privacy.” Journal of Privacy and Confidentiality 8 (1). https://doi.org/10.29012/jpc.687.

European Parliament and Council of the European Union. 2016. “Regulation (EU) 2016/679.” General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32016R0679\&from=EN.

Evans, Timothy, Laura Zayatz, and John Slanta. 1998. “Using Noise for Disclosure Limitation of Establishment Tabular Data.” Journal of Official Statistics 14 (4): 537–51.

Farley-Ripple, Elizabeth, Henry May, Allison Karpyn, Katherine Tilley, and Kalyn McDonough. 2018. “Contents Full Article Content List Abstract Background Applications of the Framework Implications Notes References Figures & Tables Article Metrics Related Articles Cite Share Request Permissions Explore More Download PDF Rethinking Connections Between Research and Practice in Education: A Conceptual Framework.” Educational Researcher 47 (4): 235–45. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X18761042.

Farrell, Caitlin C., Cynthia E. Coburn, and Seenae Chong. 2019. “Under What Conditions Do School Districts Learn from External Partners? The Role of Absorptive Capacity.” American Educational Research Journal 56 (3): 955–94. https://doi.org/10.3102/0002831218808219.

Feeney, Laura, Jason Bauman, Julia Chabrier, Geeti Mehra, and Michelle Woodford. 2015. “Administrative Data for Randomized Evaluations.” J-PAL North America. https://www.povertyactionlab.org/resource/using-administrative-data-randomized-evaluations.

Fellegi, I. P. 1972. “On the Question of Statistical Confidentiality.” Journal of the American Statistical Association 67 (337): 7–18. https://doi.org/10.2307/2284695.

Figlio, David N., K. Karbownik, and K. G. Salvanes. 2016. “Education Research and Administrative Data.” In Handbook of the Economics of Education, 5:75–138. Chapter 2. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-63459-7.00002-6.

Foster, Ian. 2018. “Research Infrastructure for the Safe Analysis of Sensitive Data.” The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 675 (1): 102–20. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716217742610.

Future of Privacy Forum. 2017. “Understanding Corporate Data Sharing Decisions: Practices, Challenges, and Opportunities for Sharing Corporate Data with Researchers.” Future of Privacy Forum. https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/FPF_Data_Sharing_Report_FINAL.pdf.

Future of Privacy Forum, and Actionable Intelligence for Social Policy. 2018. “Nothing to Hide: Tools for Talking (and Listening) About Data Privacy for Integrated Data Systems.” https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/FPF-AISP_Nothing-to-Hide.pdf.

Galiani, Sebastian, Paul Gertler, and Mauricio Romero. 2017. “Incentives for Replication in Economics.” Working Paper 23576. National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. https://doi.org/10.3386/w23576.

Galletta, Sergio, Elliot Ash, and Daniel L Chen. 2019. “Causal Effects of Judicial Sentiment: Methods and Application to U.S. Circuit Courts.” SSRN. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3415393.

Garfinkel, Simson. 2015. “De-Identification of Personal Information.” Internal Report 8053. National Institute of Standards and Technology. https://doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.8053.

German Data Forum. n.d. “Research Data Centers: Data Access for Science and Research the "Research Data Centre" Success Story.” Accessed June 15, 2020. https://www.ratswd.de/en/data-infrastructure/rdc.

Gertler, Paul. 2004. “Do Conditional Cash Transfers Improve Child Health? Evidence from PROGRESA’s Control Randomized Experiment.” American Economic Review 94 (2): 336–41. https://doi.org/10.1257/0002828041302109.

Giles, John. 2020. “When Is the POPIA Deadline in South Africa?” Michalsons. https://www.michalsons.com/blog/when-is-the-popia-deadline-in-south-africa/39672.

Goerge, Robert M. 2018. “Barriers to Accessing State Data and Approaches to Addressing Them.” The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 675 (1): 122–37. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716217741257.

Gompers, Paul, and Josh Lerner. 1997. “Risk and Reward in Private Equity Investments: The Challenge of Performance Assessment.” The Journal of Private Equity 1 (2): 5–12. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43503183.

Goroff, Daniel, Jules Polonetsky, and Omer Tene. 2018. “Privacy Protective Research: Facilitating Ethically Responsible Access to Administrative Data.” The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 675 (1): 46–66. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716217742605.

Goroff, D. L. 2015. “Balancing Privacy Versus Accuracy in Research Protocols.” Science 347 (6221): 479–80. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa3483.

Government of Canada. 1985. “Statistics Act, RSC 1985, c S-19.” http://canlii.ca/t/532pk.

Government of Canada. 2000. “Principles Set Out in the National Standard of Canada Entitled Model Code for the Protection of Personal Information, CAN/CSA-Q830-96.” Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act S.C. 2000 c 5. https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/p-8.6/page-11.html.

Government of Canada, Interagency Advisory Panel on Research Ethics. 2020. “Tri-Council Policy Statement: Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans TCPS 2 (2018).” Government of Canada, Interagency Advisory Panel on Research Ethics. https://ethics.gc.ca/eng/policy-politique_tcps2-eptc2_2018.html.

Government of New Brunswick. 2009. “Personal Health Information Privacy and Access Act, SNB 2009, c P-7.05.” http://canlii.ca/t/54c8h.

Government of New Brunswick. 2017a. “An Act Respecting Research, SNB 2017, c 29.” http://canlii.ca/t/53944.

Government of New Brunswick. 2017b. “Medical Services Payment Act, RSNB 1973, c M-7.” http://canlii.ca/t/53p70.

Greene, Travis, Galit Shmueli, Soumya Ray, and Jan Fell. 2019. “Adjusting to the GDPR: The Impact on Data Scientists and Behavioral Researchers.” Big Data 7 (3): 140–62. https://doi.org/10.1089/big.2018.0176.

Greenemeier, Larry. 2008. “Security Breach: Feds Lose Laptop Containing Sensitive Data – Again.” Scientific American. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/security-breach-lost-laptop/.

Groves, Robert. 2011. “‘Designed Data’ and ‘Organic Data’.” The United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/newsroom/blogs/director/2011/05/designed-data-and-organic-data.html.

Gurung, Anuradha, and Josh Lerner. 2008. “Globalization of Alternative Investments.” Working Papers. Geneva: World Economic Forum.

Hanna, Rema, and Dean Karlan. 2017. “Designing Social Protection Programs: Using Theory and Experimentation to Understand How to Help Combat Poverty.” In Handbook of Field Experiments, 2:515–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.hefe.2016.07.002.

Harlow, Kristin. 2018. “Evaluation of College Credit Plus: Dual Enrollment in Ohio.” Thesis, The Ohio State University. https://etd.ohiolink.edu/!etd.send_file?accession=osu1543312670683351\&disposition=inline.

Harris, Robert S., Tim Jenkinson, Steven N. Kaplan, and Ruediger Stucke. 2014. “Has Persistence Persisted in Private Equity: Evidence from Buyout and Venture Capital Funds.” Working Paper. Darden Business School. https://ssrn.com/abstract=2304808.

Harris-Kojetin, Brian A., Wendy L. Alvey, Lynda Carlson, Steven B. Cohen, Steve H. Cohen, Lawrence H. Cox, Robert E. Fay, et al. 2005. “Statistical Policy Working Paper 22: Report on Statistical Disclosure Limitation Methodology.” Research Report. U.S. Federal Committee on Statistical Methodology. https://nces.ed.gov/FCSM/pdf/spwp22.pdf.

Harron, Katie, Chris Dibben, James Boyd, Anders Hjern, Mahmoud Azimaee, Mauricio L Barreto, and Harvey Goldstein. 2017. “Challenges in Administrative Data Linkage for Research.” Big Data & Society 4 (2): 2053951717745678. https://doi.org/10.1177/2053951717745678.

Hawala, Sam, and Rolando Rodriguez. 2009. “Disclosure Avoidance for Group Quarters in the American Community Survey: Details of the Synthetic Data Method,” July. https://ecommons.cornell.edu/handle/1813/47676.

Hawley, J. D. 2017. “Making Good on the Apprenticeship Promise Will Require Major Investments in States.” Ohio Gadfly Daily. https://fordhaminstitute.org/ohio/commentary/making-good-apprenticeship-promise-will-require-major-investment-states.

Hawley, J. D., and Shu-Chen Chiang. 2013. “Developmental Education for Adults and Academic Achievement.” In International Guide to Student Achievement, edited by John Hattie and M. Anderman Eric, 19–23. Florence, KY: Taylor and Francis.

Hawley, Joshua D., and Shu-Chen Chiang. 2017. “Does Developmental Education Help? The Academic Performance of Adult Undergraduate Students in Community Colleges.” Community College Journal of Research and Practice 41 (7): 387–404. https://doi.org/10.1080/10668926.2016.1194237.

Hawley, Joshua D., Tian Lou, Randall J. Olsen, and Christopher Spence. 2019. “Report on the Evaluation of Ohio’s Wage Pathways Program.” Report. The Ohio State University. https://chrr.osu.edu/projects/wage-pathways.

Hawley, Joshua D., and Dixie Sommers. 2003. “Ohio’s Adult Workforce Education System: An Initial Investigation Using Administrative Data.” Report. Center on Education and Training for Employment, The Ohio State University.

Hawley, Joshua D., Dixie Sommers, and Edwin Meléndez. 2003. “The Earnings Impact of Adult Workforce Education in Ohio.” In Networking and Best Practices in Workforce Development. Community Development Research Center.

Hawley, Joshua D., Dixie Sommers, and Edwin Meléndez. 2005. “The Impact of Institutional Collaborations on the Earnings of Adult Workforce Education Completers.” Adult Education Quarterly 56 (1): 21–38. https://doi.org/10.1177/0741713605280140.

Health and Retirement Study. n.d. “Disclosure Limitation Review.” University of Michigan. Accessed August 9, 2020. https://hrs.isr.umich.edu/data-products/restricted-data/disclosure-limitation-review.

Heining, Jörg, and Stefan Bender. 2012. “Technical and Organisational Measures for Remote Access to the Micro Data of the Research Data Centre of the Federal Employment Agency.” FDZ Methodenreport 08/2012 (en). http://doku.iab.de/fdz/reporte/2012/MR_08-12_EN.pdf.

Henrick, Erin C., Paul Cobb, William R. Penuel, Kara Jackson, and Tiffany Clark. 2017. “Assessing Research-Practice Partnerships: Five Dimensions of Effectiveness.” New York, NY: William T. Grant Foundation. https://wtgrantfoundation.org/library/uploads/2017/10/Assessing-Research-Practice-Partnerships.pdf.

Hentel, Keith D., Andrew Menard, John Mongan, Jeremy C. Durack, Pamela T. Johnson, Ali S. Raja, and Ramin Khorasani. 2019. “What Physicians and Health Organizations Should Know About Mandated Imaging Appropriate Use Criteria.” Annals of Internal Medicine 170 (12): 880–85. https://doi.org/10.7326/M19-0287.

Hertzman, Caitlin Pencarrick, Nancy Meagher, and Kimberlyn M McGrail. 2012. “Privacy by Design at Population Data BC: A Case Study Describing the Technical, Administrative, and Physical Controls for Privacy-Sensitive Secondary Use of Personal Information for Research in the Public Interest.” Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 20 (1): 25–28. https://doi.org/10.1136/amiajnl-2012-001011.

Hirshleifer, Jack. 1980. “Privacy: Its Origin, Function, and Future.” The Journal of Legal Studies 9 (4): 649–64. https://doi.org/10.1086/467659.

Hochfellner, Daniela, Dana Müller, and Alexandra Schmucker. 2014. “Privacy in Confidential Administrative Micro Data: Implementing Statistical Disclosure Control in a Secure Computing Environment.” Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics 9 (5): 8–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/1556264614552799.

Hochfellner, Daniela, Dana Müller, and Anja Wurdack. 2012. “Biographical Data of Social Insurance Agencies in Germany - Improving the Content of Administrative Data.” Schmollers Jahrbuch 132 (3): 443–51. https://doi.org/10.3790/schm.132.3.443.

Holtsmark, B., and F. Misch. 2020. “Learning from the Global Leader: An Analysis of Electric Car Subsidies in Norway.”

Hosseinichimeh, Niyousha, Rod MacDonald, Ayaz Hyder, Alireza Ebrahimvandi, Lauren Porter, Rebecca Reno, Julie Maurer, et al. 2017. “Group Model Building Techniques for Rapid Elicitation of Parameter Values, Effect Sizes, and Data Sources.” System Dynamics Review 33 (1): 71–84. https://doi.org/10.1002/sdr.1575.

Hough, Heather J. 2009. “The Quality Teacher and Education Act in San Franscisco: Lessons Learned.” Policy Brief 09-2. Stanford, CA: Policy Analysis for California Education. https://edpolicyinca.org/sites/default/files/PB.09-2.pdf.

Hough, Heather J., and Susanna Loeb. 2013. “Can a District-Level Teacher Salary Incentive Policy Improve Teacher Recruitment and Retention?” Policy Brief 13-4. Stanford, CA: Policy Analysis for California Education. https://edpolicyinca.org/sites/default/files/PACE\%20Policy\%20Brief\%2013-4_LowRes.pdf.

Hsu, Justin, Marco Gaboardi, Andreas Haeberlen, Sanjeev Khanna, Arjun Narayan, Benjamin C. Pierce, and Aaron Roth. 2014. “Differential Privacy: An Economic Method for Choosing Epsilon.” 2014 IEEE 27th Computer Security Foundations Symposium, July, 398–410. https://doi.org/10.1109/CSF.2014.35.

Hsu, Yun-Hsiang. 2013. “Training Externalities and Institutional Determinants: Assessing Rentention in Ohio Apprenticeship Programs.” Thesis, The Ohio State University. https://etd.ohiolink.edu/!etd.send_file?accession=osu1366224121\&disposition=inline.

Hundepool, Anco, and Ramya Ramaswamy. 2018. “\(\mu\)-ARGUS.” [Software]. http://research.cbs.nl/casc/mu.htm.

Hundepool, Anco, and Leon Willenborg. 1998. “ARGUS, Software Packages for Statistical Disclosure Control.” In COMPSTAT, edited by Roger Payne and Peter Green, 341–45. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-01131-7_45.

Hutton, Eric. 2017. The Revenue AdministrationGap Analysis Program: Model and Methodology for Value-Added Tax Gap Estimation. Technical Notes and Manuals. International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/TNM/Issues/2017/04/07/The-Revenue-AdministrationGap-Analysis-Program-Model-and-Methodology-for-Value-Added-Tax-Gap-44715.

ICPSR. 2020. “Disclosure Risk Worksheet.” Document 156095. University of Michigan. http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/156095.

Innovations for Poverty Action. 2020. “PovertyAction/PII_detection.” Innovations for Poverty Action. https://github.com/PovertyAction/PII_detection.

International Finance Corporation. 2011. “Healthy Partnerships: How Governments Can Engage the Private Sector to Improve Health in Africa.” World Bank; Available at https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/2304. https://hdl.handle.net/10986/2304.

Jack, Kelsey, and Grant Smith. 2020. “Charging Ahead: Prepaid Metering, Electricity Use, and Utility Revenue.” American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 12 (2): 134–68. https://doi.org/10.1257/app.20180155.

Jacobebbinghaus, Peter, Dana Müeller, and Agnes Orban. 2010. “How to Use Data Swapping to Create Useful Dummy Data for Panel Datasets.” FDZ Methodenreport 03/2010 (en). http://doku.iab.de/fdz/reporte/2010/MR_03-10-EN.pdf.

Jarquín, Paige Backlund. 2012. “Data Sharing: Creating AgreementsIn Support of Community-Academic Partnerships.” Colorado Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute & Rocky Mountain Prevention Research Center. http://trailhead.institute/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/tips_for_creating_data_sharing_agreements_for_partnerships.pdf.

Jeng, Leslie, and Josh Lerner. 2015. “Insights into the Private Capital Industry Using the Private Capital Research Institute Database. Part 1: Data Sources and Overview of Private Capital Firms, Funds, and Portfolio Companies.” Working Paper. http://www.privatecapitalresearchinstitute.org/images/news/data_description\%20article\%201.pdf.

Jones, Maria, and Florence Kondylis. 2018. “Does Feedback Matter? Evidence from Agricultural Services.” Journal of Development Economics 131 (C): 28–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2017.10.

Jones, Maria, Florence Kondylis, John Loeser, and Jeremy Magruder. 2019. “Factor Market Failures and the Adoption of Irrigation in Rwanda.” Policy Research Working Paper WPS9092. World Bank. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/496531576687282363/Factor-Market-Failures-and-the-Adoption-of-Irrigation-in-Rwanda.

J-PAL. 2020a. “J-PAL/PII-Scan.” The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab. https://github.com/J-PAL/PII-Scan.

J-PAL. 2020b. “J-PAL/Stata_PII_scan.” The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab. https://github.com/J-PAL/stata_PII_scan.

Kanous, Alex, and Elaine Brock. 2015. “Contractual Limitations on Data Sharing Report Prepared for ICPSR.” Inter-University Consortium For Political And Social Research. https://doi.org/10.3886/contractuallimitationsdatasharing.

Kaplan, Steven N., and Josh Lerner. 2017. “Venture Capital Data: Opportunities and Challenges,” Chapter in Measuring Entrepreneurial Businesses: Current Knowledge and Challenges.” Working Paper w22500. National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/papers/w22500.

Kaplan, Steven N., and Per Stromberg. 2003. “Financial Contracting Theory Meets the Real World: An Empirical Analysis of Venture Capital Contract.” The Review of Economic Studies 70 (2): 281–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-937X.00245.

Kennickell, A B. 1998. “Multiple Imputation in the Survey of Consumer Finances.” In Proceedings of the Section on Survey Research. https://www.federalreserve. gov/econresdata/scf/files/impute98.pdf.

Kinney, Satkartar K., Jerome P. Reiter, Arnold P. Reznek, Javier Miranda, Ron S. Jarmin, and John M. Abowd. 2011. “Towards Unrestricted Public Use Business Microdata: The Synthetic Longitudinal Business Database.” Working Papers 11-04. Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau. https://ideas.repec.org/p/cen/wpaper/11-04.html.

Kommission zur Verbesserung der informationellen Infrastruktur zwischen Wissenschaft und Statistik (KVI). 2001. “Towards an Improved Statistical Infrastructure: Summary Report of the Commission Set up by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany) to Improve the Statistical Infrastructure in Cooperation the Scientific Community and Official Statistics.” Schmollers Jahrbuch 121 (3): 443–68. https://www.ratswd.de/dl/downloads/kvi_e_0.pdf.

Kondratjeva, Olga, Elena Gorbunova, and Joshua D. Hawley. 2017. “Academic Momentum and Undergraduate Student Attrition in US and Russian Universities.” Comparative Education Review 61 (3): 607–33. https://doi.org/10.1086/692608.

Kondylis, Florence, and Mattea Stein. 2019. “The Speed of Justice.” Policy Research Working Paper WPS8372. World Bank. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/455021521720861143/The-speed-of-justice.

Kopper, Sarah, Anja Sautmann, and James Turitto. 2020. “J-PAL Guide to de-Identifying Data.” J-PAL Global. https://www.povertyactionlab.org/sites/default/files/research-resources/J-PAL-guide-to-deidentifying-data.pdf.

Korteweg, Arthur. 2019. “Risk Adjustment in Private Equity Returns.” Annual Review of Financial Economics 11 (1): 131–52 , https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-financial-110118-123057.

Korteweg, Arthur, and Morten Sorensen. 2015. “Skill and Luck in Private Equity Performance.” Journal of Financial Economics 124 (3): 535–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2017.03.006.

Kuchinke, Wolfgang, Christian Krauth, René Bergmann, Töresin Karakoyun, Astrid Woollard, Irene Schluender, Benjamin Braasch, Martin Eckert, and Christian Ohmann. 2016. “Legal Assessment Tool (LAT): An Interactive Tool to Address Privacy and Data Protection Issues for Data Sharing.” BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making 16 (1): 81. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-016-0325-0.

Laible, Marie-Christine, Marine Seilles, Maria Alkhoury, and Raphaëlle Fleureux. 2020. “New Opportunities for Comparative Cross-Country Research in France and Germany.” FDZ Datenreport 03/2020. https://doi.org/10.5164/IAB.FDZD.2003.en.v1.

Lane, Julia. 2018. “Building an Infrastructure to Support the Use of Government Administrative Data for Program Performance and Social Science Research.” The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 675 (1): 240–52. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716217746652.

Lane, Julia, and Stephanie Shipp. 2008. “Using a Remote Access Data Enclave for Data Dissemination.” International Journal of Digital Curation 2 (1): 128–34. https://doi.org/10.2218/ijdc.v2i1.20.

Lee, Allen S., and Richard L. Baskerville. 2003. “Generalizing Generalizability in Information Systems Research.” Information Systems Research 14 (3): 221–43. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.14.3.221.16560.

Legovini, Arianna, Guadalupe Bedoya, Özsel Beleli, and Chloë Fernandez. n.d. “DIME Model for Informing Policy Decisions: Portfolio Results and Case Studies.”

Lerner, Josh, and Antoinette Schoar. 2005. “Does Legal Enforcement Affect Financial Transactions? The Contractual Channel in Private Equity.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 120 (1): 223–46. https://doi.org/10.1162/0033553053327443.

Levenstein, Margaret C, Allison R B Tyler, and Johanna Davidson Bleckman. 2018. “The Researcher Passport: Improving Data Access and Confidentiality Protection.” https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/143808.

Little, Roderick JA. 1993. “Statistical Analysis of Masked Data.” Journal of Official Statistics 9 (2): 407–26. http://www.scb.se/contentassets/ca21efb41fee47d293bbee5bf7be7fb3/statistical-analysis-of-masked-data.pdf.

Little, Roderick J A, Fang Liu, and Trivellore E Raghunathan. 2004. “Statistical Disclosure Techniques Based on Multiple Imputation.” In Applied Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference from Incomplete-Data Perspectives, edited by Andrew Gelman and Xiao Li Meng, 141–52. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/0470090456.ch13.

Liu, Fang. 2020a. “A Statistical Overview on Data Privacy.” arXiv:2007.00765 [Cs, Stat], July. http://arxiv.org/abs/2007.00765.

Liu, Fang. 2020b. “A Statistical Overview on Data Privacy.” arXiv:2007.00765 [Cs, Stat], July. http://arxiv.org/abs/2007.00765.

Longo, Daniel R, John E Hewett, Bin Ge, and Shari Schubert. 2006. “The Long Road to Patient Safety. A Status Report on Patient Safety Systems.” Missouri Medicine 103 (5): 545–52. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17133761/.

Lücke, Christine. 2018. “When Protection Puts You in Jeopardy. How Removing Small-Business Clauses Affects Employment Duration.” Labour 32 (4): 213–36. https://doi.org/10.1111/labr.12124.

Maats, Frederike H. E., Andrew Metrick, Ayako Yasuda, Brian Hinkes, and Sofia Vershovski. 2011. “On the Consistency and Reliability of Venture Capital Databases.” Unpublished working paper.

Machanavajjhala, A., D. Kifer, J. Abowd, J. Gehrke, and L. Vilhuber. 2008. “Privacy: Theory Meets Practice on the Map.” In Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE 24th International Conference on Data Engineering, 277–86. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDE.2008.4497436.

Machanavajjhala, Ashwin, Daniel Kifer, Johannes Gehrke, and Muthuramakrishnan Venkitasubramaniam. 2007. “L-Diversity: Privacy Beyond K-Anonymity.” ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data 1 (1). https://doi.org/10.1145/1217299.1217302.

Maret-Ouda, John, Wenjing Tao, Karl Wahlin, and Jesper Lagergren. 2017. “Nordic Registry-Based Cohort Studies: Possibilities and Pitfalls When Combining Nordic Registry Data.” Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 45 (17_suppl): 14–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494817702336.

Marini, Alice, Alexis Kateifides, and Joel Bates. 2018. “Comparing Privacy Laws: GDPR V. CCPA.” Future of Privacy Forum. https://fpf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/GDPR_CCPA_Comparison-Guide.pdf.

Masters, Terry. n.d. “How to Obtain a Copy of a Certificate of Incorporation.” Accessed October 5, 2020. https://legalbeagle.com/12717162-how-to-obtain-a-copy-of-a-certificate-of-incorporation.html.

Milusheva, Sveta, Robert Marty, Guadalupe Bedoya, Elizabeth Resor, Sarah Williams, and Arianna Legovini. 2020. “Can Crowdsourcing Create the Missing Crash Data?” In Proceedings of the 3rd ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies, 305–6. ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3378393.3402264.

Mindestlohnkommission. 2016a. “Erster Bericht Zu Den Auswirkungen Des Gesetzlichen Mindestlohns. Bericht Der Mindestlohnkommission an Die Bundesregierung Nach 9 Abs. 4 Mindestlohngesetz.” Berlin: Mindestlohnkommission. https://www.mindestlohn-kommission.de/DE/Bericht/pdf/Bericht2016.pdf?__blob=publicationFile\&v=4.

Mindestlohnkommission. 2016b. “Zweiter Bericht Zu Den Auswirkungen Des Gesetzlichen Mindestlohns. Bericht Der Mindestlohnkommission an Die Bundesregierung Nach \S 9 Abs. 4 Mindestlohngesetz.” Berlin: Mindestlohnkommission. https://www.mindestlohn-kommission.de/DE/Bericht/pdf/Bericht2018.pdf?__blob=publicationFile\&v=6.

Ming, Norma. n.d. “What Are the Dimensions of District Capacity That Enable Effective Evidence-Based Decision-Making?” NNERPP Extra 1 (2): 6–11. Accessed October 5, 2020. https://nnerppextra.rice.edu/dimensions-of-district-capacity/.

Molnár-Gábor, Fruzsina. 2018. “Germany: A Fair Balance Between Scientific Freedom and Data Subjects’ Rights?” Human Genetics 137 (8): 619–26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00439-018-1912-1.

Moulton, Brent R. 1986. “Random Group Effects and the Precision of Regression Estimates.” Journal of Econometrics 32 (3): 385–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(86)90021-7.

Müller, Dana, and Joachim Möller. 2019. “Giving the International Scientific Community Access to German Labor Market Data: A Success Story.” In Data-Driven Policy Impact Evaluation: How Access to Microdata Is Transforming Policy Design, edited by Nuno Crato and Paolo Paruolo, 101–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78461-8_7.

Müller, Dana, and Stefanie Wolter. 2020. “German Labour Market Data - Data Provision and Access for the International Scientific Community.” German Economic Review. http://doi.org/10.1515/ger-2019-0127.

National Center for Education Statistics. 2019. “Restricted-Use Data Procedures Manual.” National Center for Education Statistics Statistical Standards Program. https://nces.ed.gov/statprog/rudman/.

National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. 1979. “The Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research.” Bethesda, Maryland: Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. https://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/regulations-and-policy/belmont-report/read-the-belmont-report/index.html.

National Neighborhood Indicators Partnership (NNIP). 2018. “Why Data Providers Say No...And Why They Should Say Yes.” https://www.neighborhoodindicators.org/library/guides/why-data-providers-say-noand-why-they-should-say-yes.

New Growth Group & The Ohio Education Research Center. 2018. “The Ohio Technical Skills Innovation Network (Ohio TechNet).” Report. New Growth Group. https://ohiotechnet.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Ohio-TechNet-Evaluation-Final-Report.pdf.

Newhouse, J. P. 1993. Free for All? Lessons from the Rand Health Insurance Experiment. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. https://doi.org/10.7249/CB199.

NHS Health Research Authority. 2020. “Research Ethics Committees in the UK.” https://www.hra.nhs.uk/about-us/committees-and-services/res-and-recs/research-ethics-committees-overview/.

Nowok, Beata, Gillian M. Raab, and Chris Dibben. 2016. “Synthpop: Bespoke Creation of Synthetic Data in R.” Journal of Statistical Software 74 (1): 1–26. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v074.i11.

OECD. 2014. “Expert Group for International Collaboration on Microdata Access: Final Report.” http://www.oecd.org/sdd/microdata-access-final-report-OECD-2014.pdf.

Office for Human Research Protections. 2016a. “Federal Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects (’Common Rule’).” HHS.gov. https://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/regulations-and-policy/regulations/common-rule/index.html.

Office for Human Research Protections. 2017. “Federalwide Assurance (FWA) for the Protection of Human Subjects.” https://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/register-irbs-and-obtain-fwas/fwas/fwa-protection-of-human-subjecct/index.html.

Office for Human Research Protections. 2018a. “Revised Common Rule Regulatory Text.” Office for Human Research Protections. https://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/regulations-and-policy/regulations/revised-common-rule-regulatory-text/index.html.

Office for Human Research Protections. 2020. “Human Subject Regulations Decision Charts.” HHS.gov. https://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/regulations-and-policy/decision-charts/index.html.

Office for Human Research Protections. 2016b. “Equivalent Protections.” HHS.gov. https://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/international/equivalent-protections/index.html.

Office for Human Research Protections. 2018b. “Compilation of European GDPR Guidances.” HHS.gov. https://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/international/GDPR/index.html.

Office for National Statistics. 2020. “Accessing Secure Research Data as an Accredited Researcher.” https://www.ons.gov.uk/aboutus/whatwedo/statistics/requestingstatistics/approvedresearcherscheme.

Office of Research Services, University of New Brunswick. 2011. “University Policy on Research Involving Humans Policy.” https://es.unb.ca/apps/policy-repository/_resources/php/download-policy.php?id=YZqi.

Office of the Federal Register. 2016. “Workforce Investment and Opportunity Act.” 20 CFR Parts 676, 677, and 678. https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2016-08-19/pdf/2016-15977.pdf.

Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada. 2019. “PIPEDA Fair Information Principles.” https://www.priv.gc.ca/en/privacy-topics/privacy-laws-in-canada/the-personal-information-protection-and-electronic-documents-act-pipeda/p_principle/.

Panakal, Dominic Dhil. 2019. “India’s Proposed Privacy Law Allows Government Access and Some Data Localization.” The National Law Review, December. https://www.natlawreview.com/article/india-s-proposed-privacy-law-allows-government-access-and-some-data-localization.

Penn Medicine Information Systems Data Analytics Center. n.d. “Epic Clarity.” Website. Data Analytics Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. Accessed January 30, 2020. https://www.med.upenn.edu/dac/epic-clarity-data-warehousing.html.

Perianan, Veerapan. 2020. “Why Market Returns May Be Lower and Global Diversification More Important in the Future.” https://www.schwab.com/resource-center/insights/content/why-market-returns-may-be-lower-in-the-future\#:~:text=The\%20main\%20factors\%20behind\%20the,investing\%20in\%20a\%20diversified\%20portfolio.

Petrila, John. 2018. “Turning the Law into a Tool Rather Than a Barrier to the Use of Administrative Data for Evidence-Based Policy.” The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 675 (1): 67–82. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716217741088.

Petrila, John, Barbara Cohn, Wendell Pritchett, Paul Stiles, Victoria Stodden, Jeffrey Vagle, Mark Humowiecki, and Natassia Rozario. 2017. “Legal Issues for IDS Use: Finding a Way Forward.” Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, Actionable Intelligence for Social Policy. https://www.aisp.upenn.edu/resource-article/legal-issues-for-ids-use-finding-a-way-forward/.

Pfeiffer, Jay. 1998. “From Performance Reporting to Performance-Based Funding: Florida’s Experiences in Workforce Development Performance.” New Directions for Community Colleges 1998 (104): 17–28. https://doi.org/10.1002/cc.10402.

Playford, Christopher J, Vernon Gayle, Roxanne Connelly, and Alasdair J G Gray. 2016. “Administrative Social Science Data: The Challenge of Reproducible Research.” Big Data & Society 3 (2): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/2053951716684143.

Privacy Technical Assistance Center. 2017. “Integrated Data Systems and Student Privacy.” Department of Education. https://studentprivacy.ed.gov/resources/integrated-data-systems-and-student-privacy.

Private Capital Research Institute. 2017. “The Consequences of Private Equity on Employment and Management.” Web. https://www.hbs.edu/private-capital/Documents/ILPA-PCRI-Roundtable-2017.pdf.

Private Equity Growth Capital Council. 2013. “2013 Annual Report.” Web. https://www.slideshare.net/pegccouncil/pegcc-annual-report825x825012314a2.

Provost, Lloyd P. 2011. “Analytical Studies: A Framework for Quality Improvement Design and Analysis.” BMJ Quality and Safety 20 (Supplement 1): i92–i96. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs.2011.051557.

Raab, Gillian M., Beata Nowok, and Chris Dibben. 2016. “Practical Data Synthesis for Large Samples.” Journal of Privacy and Confidentiality 7 (3): 67–97. https://doi.org/10.29012/jpc.v7i3.407.

Raghunathan, Trivellore E, Jerry P. Reiter, and Donald B Rubin. 2003. “Multiple Imputation for Statistical Disclosure Limitation.” Journal of Official Statistics 19 (1). http://www.scb.se/contentassets/ca21efb41fee47d293bbee5bf7be7fb3/multiple-imputation-for-statistical-disclosure-limitation.pdf.

Ragland, James. 2017. “Students Might Get a Kick Out of a Proposed New Ethnic Studies Course for Texas Schools.” The Dallas Morning News, February. https://www.dallasnews.com/opinion/commentary/2017/02/11/students-might-get-a-kick-out-of-a-proposed-new-ethnic-studies-course-for-texas-schools/.

Reed, Debbie, Albert Yung-Hsu Liu, Rebecca Kleinman, Annalisa Mastri, Davin Reed, Samina Sattar, and Jessica Ziegler. 2012. “An Effectiveness Assessment and Cost-Benefit Analysis of Registered Apprenticeship in 10 States.” Report. Mathematica Policy Research. https://www.mathematica.org/our-publications-and-findings/publications/an-effectiveness-assessment-and-costbenefit-analysis-of-registered-apprenticeship-in-10-states.

Reiter, Jerome P, Anna Oganian, and Alan F Karr. 2009. “Verification Servers: Enabling Analysts to Assess the Quality of Inferences from Public Use Data.” Computational Statistics & Data Analysis 53 (4): 1475–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2008.10.006.

Republic of South Africa. 2003. “Spatial Data Infrastructure Act of 2003.” https://www.gov.za/documents/spatial-data-infrastructure-act.

Republic of South Africa. 2013. “Protection of Personal Information Act 4 of 2013.” https://www.gov.za/documents/protection-personal-information-act.

Reuter, Wolf Heinrich, and Jean-Marc Museux. 2010. “Establishing an Infrastructure for Remote Access to Microdata at Eurostat.” In Privacy in Statistical Databases, 249–57. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15838-4\\_22.

Riphahn, Regina T., and Rebecca Schrader. 2019. “Institutional Reforms of 2006 and the Dramatic Rise in Old-Age Employment in Germany.” Industrial & Labor Relations Review 73 (5). https://doi.org/10.1177/0019793919863378.

Rivas, Lisbeth, and Joe Crowley. 2018. “Using Administrative Data to Enhance Policymaking in Developing Countries: Tax Data and the National Accounts.” Working Paper 18/175. International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WP/Issues/2018/08/02/Using-Administrative-Data-to-Enhance-Policymaking-in-Developing-Countries-Tax-Data-and-the-46054.

Rossi, Andrea. 2019. “Decreasing Returns or Reversion to the Mean? The Case of Private Equity Fund Growth.” Working Paper. SSRN. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3511348.

Rubin, Donald B. 1993. “Discussion: Statistical Disclosure Limitation.” Journal of Official Statistics 9 (2): 461–68. http://www.scb.se/contentassets/ca21efb41fee47d293bbee5bf7be7fb3/discussion-statistical-disclosure-limitation2.pdf.

RWI (Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung). 2016. Risiken Atypischer Beschäftigungsformen Für Die Berufliche Entwicklung Und Erwerbseinkommen Im Lebensverlauf. Berlin: Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales (BMAS).

SAGE Publishing. 2019. “The Latest Thinking About Metrics for Research Impact in the Social Sciences.” White Paper. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4135/wp190522.

San Francisco Unified School District. 2014. “Agenda: Regular Meeting of the Board of Education.” https://archive.sfusd.edu/en/assets/sfusd-staff/about-SFUSD/files/board-agendas/Agenda1292014.pdf.

San Francisco Unified School District. 2019. “Guidelines for Conducting Research in SFUSD.”

Schmieder, Johannes, TIll von Wachter, and Stefan Bender. 2016. “The Effect of Unemployment Benefits and Nonemployment Durations on Wages.” American Economic Review 106 (3): 739–77. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20141566.

Schumann, Mathias. 2017. “The Effects of Minimum Wages on Firm-Financed Apprenticeship Training.” Labour Economics 47: 163–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2017.05.002.

Sexton, Anna, Elizabeth Shepherd, Oliver Duke-Williams, and Alexandra Eveleigh. 2017. “A Balance of Trust in the Use of Government Administrative Data.” Archival Science 17: 305–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-017-9281-4.

Shaw, Sara, Van-Kim Lin, and Kelly Maxwell. 2018. “Guidelines for Developing Data Sharing Agreements to Use State Administrative Data for Early Care and Education Research.” OPRE Research Brief 2018-67. Administration for Children & Families. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED602071.

Shlomo, Natalie, and Chris Skinner. 2010. “Assessing the Protection Provided by Misclassification-Based Disclosure Limitation Methods for Survey Microdata.” Annals of Applied Statistics 4 (3): 1291–1310. https://doi.org/10.1214/09-AOAS317.

Smith, Grant, and Martine Visser. 2014. “Behavioural Nudges as a Water Savings Strategy: Report to the Water Research Commission.” 2091/1/13. Water Research Commission. http://www.wrc.org.za/wp-content/uploads/mdocs/2091-1-13.pdf.

Snoke, Joshua, Gillian M. Raab, Beata Nowok, Chris Dibben, and Aleksandra Slavkovic. 2018. “General and Specific Utility Measures for Synthetic Data.” Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (Statistics in Society) 181 (3): 663–88. https://doi.org/10.1111/rssa.12358.

Solberg, Leif I., and Gordon Mosser. 1997. “The Three Faces of Performance Measurement: Improvement, Accountability, and Research.” The Joint Commission Journal on Quality Improvement 23 (3): 135–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1070-3241(16)30305-4.

Spencer, Bruce David, and Zachary H. Seeskin. 2015. “Effects of Census Accuracy on Apportionment of Congress and Allocations of Federal Funds.” JSM Proceedings, Government Statistics Section, 3061–75. https://www.ipr.northwestern.edu/our-work/working-papers/2015/ipr-wp-15-05.html.

Stanford Report. 2008. “Stanford Alerts Employees That Stolen Laptop Had Personal Data.” Stanford University. http://news.stanford.edu/news/2008/june11/laprelease-061108.html.

Statistics Canada. 2018a. “Real Time Remote Access - System Limitations.” https://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/rtra/limitation.

Statistics Canada. 2020. “Health Characteristics, Annual Estimates.” Table 13-10-0096-01. https://doi.org/10.25318/1310009601-eng.

Statistics Canada. 2018b. “Information on Statistics Canada Privacy Framework.” https://sencanada.ca/content/sen/committee/421/BANC/Briefs/BANC_SS-1_REF_StatisticsCanada_e.pdf.

Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit. 2018. “Grundlagen: Definitionen - Statistische Geheimhaltung: Rechtliche Grundlagen Und Fachliche Regelungen Der Statistik Der Bundesagentur Für Arbeit.” https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de/Statischer-Content/Grundlagen/Rechtsgrundlagen/Statistische-Geheimhaltung/Generische-Publikationen/Statistische-Geheimhaltung.pdf.

Stevens, David W. 1989. “Using State Unemployment Insurance Wage-Records to Trace the Subsequent Labor Market Experiences of Vocational Education Program Leavers.” Report. Human Resource Data Systems, Inc.

Stevens, David W. 2012. “Documents and Presentations Enabled by or Related to the Administrative Data Research and Evaluation (ADARE) Project 1998-2012.” Report. Jacob Franz Institute, University of Baltimore. http://www.jacob-france-institute.org/wp-content/uploads/ADARE-publications-presentations-compendium-11-8-12.pdf.

Stone, Deborah. 2012. Policy Paradox: The Art of Political Decision Making. 3rd ed. New York: WW Norton.

Sun, Min, Emily K. Penner, and Susanna Loeb. 2017. “Resource- and Approach-Driven Multidimensional Change: Three-Year Effects of School Improvement Grants.” American Educational Research Journal 54 (4): 607–43. https://doi.org/10.3102/0002831217695790.

Sweeney, L. 2002. “Achieving K-Anonymity Privacy Protection Using Generalization and Suppression.” International Journal on Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 10 (5): 571–88. https://doi.org/10.1142/s021848850200165x.

Templ, Matthias, Alexander Kowarik, and Bernhard Meindl. 2015. “Statistical Disclosure Control for Micro-Data Using the R Package sdcMicro.” Journal of Statistical Software 67 (4). https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v067.i04.

Templ, Matthias, Alexander Kowarik, Bernhard Meindl, Andreas Alfons, Mathieu Ribatet, and Johannes Gussenbauer. 2019. “simPop: Simulation of Synthetic Populations for Survey Data Considering Auxiliary Information,” July. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=simPop.

Templ, Matthias, Bernhard Meindl, and Alexander Kowarik. 2020. “sdcMicro: Statistical Disclosure Control Methods for Anonymization of Data and Risk Estimation,” February. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=sdcMicro.

United Nations. 2014. “Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics.” A/RES/68/261. https://unstats.un.org/unsd/dnss/gp/fundprinciples.aspx.

University of Bristol. n.d. “SafePod.” University of Bristol. Accessed June 18, 2020. http://www.bris.ac.uk/staff/researchers/data/safepod/.

U.S. Census Bureau. 2011. “FinalPublic Use Microdata Area (PUMA) Criteria and Guidelines for the 2010 Census and the American Community Survey.” American Community Survey Office.

U.S. Census Bureau. n.d.a. “Federal Statistical Research Data Centers.” The United States Census Bureau. Accessed June 21, 2020. https://www.census.gov/fsrdc.

U.S. Census Bureau. n.d.b. “Hosting an RDC at Your Institution.” The United States Census Bureau. Accessed June 21, 2020. https://www.census.gov/about/adrm/fsrdc/about/hostrdc.html.

U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2018. “Health Information Privacy: Research.” Health Information Privacy. https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-professionals/special-topics/research/index.html.

U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. n.d. “Health Information Privacy.” Accessed June 23, 2020. https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/index.html.

Vardigan, Mary, Pascal Heus, and Wendy Thomas. 2008. “Data Documentation Initiative: Toward a Standard for the Social Sciences.” International Journal of Digital Curation 3 (1): 107–13. https://doi.org/10.2218/ijdc.v3i1.45.

Varian, Hal R. 2002. “Economic Aspects of Personal Privacy.” In Cyber Policy and Economics in an Internet Age, edited by William H. Lehr and Lorenzo M. Pupillo, 127–37. Boston, MA: Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3575-8_9.

Vilhuber, Lars. 2013. “Methods for Protecting the Confidentiality of Firm-Level Data: Issues and Solutions.” Labor Dynamics Institute, March. https://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/ldi/19.

Vilhuber, Lars. 2017. “Confidentiality Protection and Physical Safeguards.” Presentation. https://hdl.handle.net/1813/46207.

Vilhuber, Lars. 2019. “Panel 3: Practical Steps to Credibility and Transparency in Research: Who Should Do What?” September. https://www.worldbank.org/en/events/2019/09/10/transparency-reproducibility-credibility.

Wachter, Robert M. 2010. “Patient Safety at Ten: Unmistakable Progress, Troubling Gaps.” Health Affairs, no. 29: 165–73. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2009.0785.

Wandile, Pranali M. 2018. “Central IRB Vs. Institutional IRBAdvantages and Disadvantages for Multicenter Trials.” Clinical Researcher 32 (4): 28–38. https://doi.org/10.14524/CR-17-0009.

Waxmann, Laura. 2019. “Teacher Stipends Could Attract New Talent to Underserved Schools.” San Francisco Examiner, June. https://www.sfexaminer.com/home/teacher-stipends-could-attract-new-talent-to-underserved-schools/.

Weinberg, Daniel, John Abowd, Sandra Rowland, Philip Steel, and Laura Zayatz. 2007. “Access Methods for United States Microdata.” Working Paper 07-25. U.S. Census Bureau, Center for Economic Studies. https://www2.census.gov/ces/wp/2007/CES-WP-07-25.pdf.

Weiss, Carol H., and Michael J. Bucuvalas. 1980. “Truth Tests and Utility Tests: Decision-Makers’ Frames of Reference for Social Science Research.” American Sociological Review 45 (2): 302–13. https://doi.org/10.2307/2095127.

Wentworth, Laura, Richard Carranza, and Deborah Stipek. 2016. “A University and District Partnership Closes the Research-to-Classroom Gap.” Phi Delta Kappan 97 (8): 66–69. https://doi.org/10.1177/0031721716647024.

Wentworth, Laura, Christopher Mazzeo, and Faith Connolly. 2017. “Research Practice Partnerships: A Strategy for Promoting Evidence-Based Decision-Making in Education.” Educational Research 59 (2): 241–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/07391102.2017.1314108.

Wirth, Heike, Ulrike Rockmann, Dana Müller, Jan Goebel, and Tatjana Mika. 2019. “Remote Access Zu Daten Der Amtlichen Statistik Und Der Sozialversicherungsträger.” RatSWD Output 5 (6). Berlin: Rat für Sozial- und Wirtschaftsdaten (RatSWD). https://doi.org/10.17620/02671.42.

Wolter, Stefanie, and Philipp vom Berge. 2018. “Die FDZ-Nutzerbefragung 2017 - Ergebnisse Und Herausforderungen.” FDZ Methodenreport 05/2018. https://doi.org/10.5164/IAB.FDZM.1805.de.v1.

Woo, M., J. P. Reiter, A. Oganian, and A. F. Karr. 2009. “Global Measures of Data Utility for Microdata Masked for Disclosure Limitation.” Privacy and Confidentiality 1 (1): 111–24. http://repository.cmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1006\&context=jpc.

Workforce Information Council. 2014. “Enhancing Unemployment Insurance Wage Records: Potential Benefits, Barriers, and Opportunities - A Summary of First Year Study Activities and Finding.” Report. Workforce Information Council, U.S. Department of Labor. https://www.bls.gov/advisory/bloc/enhancing-unemployment-insurance-wage-records_fy.pdf.

World Bank. 2018. “The State of Social Safety Nets 2018.” Washington, DC: The World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29115.

World Bank. n.d. “DIME Wiki: De-Identification.” Accessed August 8, 2020. https://dimewiki.worldbank.org/wiki/De-identification.

World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa. 2014. “Guide for Developing National Patient Safety Policy and Strategic Plan.” Technical Documents 9789290232070. World Health Organization. https://hdl.handle.net/10665/148352.

Yates, Deborah, Tim Beale, Stewart Marshall, and Martin Parr. 2018. “Designing Data Sharing Agreements: A Checklist.” Open Data Institute. https://gatesopenresearch.org/documents/2-44.